[release-branch.go1.24] crypto/tls: add verifiedChains expiration checking during...

[release-branch.go1.24] crypto/tls: add verifiedChains expiration checking during resumption

When resuming a session, check that the verifiedChains contain at least
one chain that is still valid at the time of resumption. If not, trigger
a new handshake.

Updates #77113
Updates #77355
Updates CVE-2025-68121

Change-Id: I14f585c43da17802513cbdd5b10c552d7a38b34e
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/739321
Reviewed-by: Coia Prant <coiaprant@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Filippo Valsorda <filippo@golang.org>
Auto-Submit: Roland Shoemaker <roland@golang.org>
LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/740061
Reviewed-by: Nicholas Husin <husin@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicholas Husin <nsh@golang.org>
Auto-Submit: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Damien Neil <dneil@google.com>