[release-branch.go1.24] crypto/tls: check verifiedChains roots when resuming sessions

[release-branch.go1.24] crypto/tls: check verifiedChains roots when resuming sessions

When resuming TLS sessions, on the server and client verify that the
chains stored in the session state (verifiedChains) are still acceptable
with regards to the Config by checking for the inclusion of the root in
either ClientCAs (server) or RootCAs (client). This prevents resuming
a session with a certificate chain that would be rejected during a full
handshake due to an untrusted root.

Updates #77113
Updates #77355
Updates CVE-2025-68121

Change-Id: I11fe00909ef1961c24ecf80bf5b97f7b1121d359
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/737700
Auto-Submit: Roland Shoemaker <roland@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com>
LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
Reviewed-by: Coia Prant <coiaprant@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Filippo Valsorda <filippo@golang.org>
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/740062
Reviewed-by: Damien Neil <dneil@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicholas Husin <nsh@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicholas Husin <husin@google.com>
Auto-Submit: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com>