runtime: change map iteration randomization to use intra-bucket offset
Map iteration previously started from a random bucket, but walked each
bucket from the beginning. Now, iteration always starts from the first
bucket and walks each bucket starting at a random offset. For
performance, the random offset is selected at the start of iteration
and reused for each bucket.
Iteration over a map with 8 or fewer elements--a single bucket--will
now be non-deterministic. There will now be only 8 different possible
map iterations.
Significant benchmark changes, on my OS X laptop (rough but consistent):
benchmark old ns/op new ns/op delta
BenchmarkMapIter 128 121 -5.47%
BenchmarkMapIterEmpty 4.26 4.45 +4.46%
BenchmarkNewEmptyMap 114 111 -2.63%
Fixes #6719.
R=khr, bradfitz
CC=golang-codereviews
https://golang.org/cl/
47370043