runtime: fix races in stack scan

runtime: fix races in stack scan

This fixes a hang during runtime.TestTraceStress.
It also fixes double-scan of stacks, which leads to
stack barrier installation failures.

Both of these have shown up as flaky failures on the dashboard.

Fixes #10941.

Change-Id: Ia2a5991ce2c9f43ba06ae1c7032f7c898dc990e0
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/11089
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>