spec: better organization of arithmetic operator section

spec: better organization of arithmetic operator section

First step towards cleaning up the operator section - no language
changes. Specifically:

- Grouped arithmetic operations by types (integer, floating-point,
  string), with corresponding h4 headings.

- Changed Operator precedence title from h3 to h4.

- Moved Integer Overflow section after integer operations and changed
  its title from h3 to h4.

This puts things that belong together closer. No heading id's were
lost (in case of references from outside the spec).

Change-Id: I6b349ba8d86a6ae29b596beb297cc45c81e69399
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/13143
Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>