runtime: decorate anonymous memory mappings

runtime: decorate anonymous memory mappings

Leverage the prctl(PR_SET_VMA, PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME, ...) API to name
the anonymous memory areas.

This API has been introduced in Linux 5.17 to decorate the anonymous
memory areas shown in /proc/<pid>/maps.

This is already used by glibc. See:
* https://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=blob;f=malloc/malloc.c;h=27dfd1eb907f4615b70c70237c42c552bb4f26a8;hb=HEAD#l2434
* https://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=blob;f=sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/setvmaname.c;h=ea93a5ffbebc9e5a7e32a297138f465724b4725f;hb=HEAD#l63

This can be useful when investigating the memory consumption of a
multi-language program.
On a 100% Go program, pprof profiler can be used to profile the memory
consumption of the program. But pprof is only aware of what happens
within the Go world.

On a multi-language program, there could be a doubt about whether the
suspicious extra-memory consumption comes from the Go part or the native
part.

With this change, the following Go program:

        package main

        import (
                "fmt"
                "log"
                "os"
        )

        /*
        #include <stdlib.h>

        void f(void)
        {
          (void)malloc(1024*1024*1024);
        }
        */
        import "C"

        func main() {
                C.f()

                data, err := os.ReadFile("/proc/self/maps")
                if err != nil {
                        log.Fatal(err)
                }
                fmt.Println(string(data))
        }

produces this output:

        $ GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.mem.decorate_maps=1 ~/doc/devel/open-source/go/bin/go run .
        00400000-00402000 r--p 00000000 00:21 28451768                           /home/lenaic/.cache/go-build/9f/9f25a17baed5a80d03eb080a2ce2a5ff49c17f9a56e28330f0474a2bb74a30a0-d/test_vma_name
        00402000-004a4000 r-xp 00002000 00:21 28451768                           /home/lenaic/.cache/go-build/9f/9f25a17baed5a80d03eb080a2ce2a5ff49c17f9a56e28330f0474a2bb74a30a0-d/test_vma_name
        004a4000-00574000 r--p 000a4000 00:21 28451768                           /home/lenaic/.cache/go-build/9f/9f25a17baed5a80d03eb080a2ce2a5ff49c17f9a56e28330f0474a2bb74a30a0-d/test_vma_name
        00574000-00575000 r--p 00173000 00:21 28451768                           /home/lenaic/.cache/go-build/9f/9f25a17baed5a80d03eb080a2ce2a5ff49c17f9a56e28330f0474a2bb74a30a0-d/test_vma_name
        00575000-00580000 rw-p 00174000 00:21 28451768                           /home/lenaic/.cache/go-build/9f/9f25a17baed5a80d03eb080a2ce2a5ff49c17f9a56e28330f0474a2bb74a30a0-d/test_vma_name
        00580000-005a4000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
        2e075000-2e096000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                                  [heap]
        c000000000-c000400000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon: Go: heap]
        c000400000-c004000000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon: Go: heap reservation]
        777f40000000-777f40021000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: malloc arena]
        777f40021000-777f44000000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f44000000-777f44021000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: malloc arena]
        777f44021000-777f48000000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f48000000-777f48021000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: malloc arena]
        777f48021000-777f4c000000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f4c000000-777f4c021000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: malloc arena]
        777f4c021000-777f50000000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f50000000-777f50021000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: malloc arena]
        777f50021000-777f54000000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f55afb000-777f55afc000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f55afc000-777f562fc000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: pthread stack: 216378]
        777f562fc000-777f562fd000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f562fd000-777f56afd000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: pthread stack: 216377]
        777f56afd000-777f56afe000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f56afe000-777f572fe000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: pthread stack: 216376]
        777f572fe000-777f572ff000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f572ff000-777f57aff000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: pthread stack: 216375]
        777f57aff000-777f57b00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f57b00000-777f58300000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: pthread stack: 216374]
        777f58300000-777f58400000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page alloc index]
        777f58400000-777f5a400000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: heap index]
        777f5a400000-777f6a580000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: scavenge index]
        777f6a580000-777f6a581000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: scavenge index]
        777f6a581000-777f7a400000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: scavenge index]
        777f7a400000-777f8a580000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page summary]
        777f8a580000-777f8a581000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page alloc]
        777f8a581000-777f9c430000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page summary]
        777f9c430000-777f9c431000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page alloc]
        777f9c431000-777f9e806000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page summary]
        777f9e806000-777f9e807000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page alloc]
        777f9e807000-777f9ec00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page summary]
        777f9ec36000-777f9ecb6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: immortal metadata]
        777f9ecb6000-777f9ecc6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: gc bits]
        777f9ecc6000-777f9ecd6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: allspans array]
        777f9ecd6000-777f9ece7000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: immortal metadata]
        777f9ece7000-777f9ed67000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page summary]
        777f9ed67000-777f9ed68000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page alloc]
        777f9ed68000-777f9ede7000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page summary]
        777f9ede7000-777f9ee07000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: page alloc]
        777f9ee07000-777f9ee0a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: loader malloc]
        777f9ee0a000-777f9ee2e000 r--p 00000000 00:21 48158213                   /usr/lib/libc.so.6
        777f9ee2e000-777f9ef9f000 r-xp 00024000 00:21 48158213                   /usr/lib/libc.so.6
        777f9ef9f000-777f9efee000 r--p 00195000 00:21 48158213                   /usr/lib/libc.so.6
        777f9efee000-777f9eff2000 r--p 001e3000 00:21 48158213                   /usr/lib/libc.so.6
        777f9eff2000-777f9eff4000 rw-p 001e7000 00:21 48158213                   /usr/lib/libc.so.6
        777f9eff4000-777f9effc000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
        777f9effc000-777f9effe000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: glibc: loader malloc]
        777f9f00a000-777f9f04a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [anon: Go: immortal metadata]
        777f9f04a000-777f9f04c000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0                          [vvar]
        777f9f04c000-777f9f04e000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0                          [vvar_vclock]
        777f9f04e000-777f9f050000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0                          [vdso]
        777f9f050000-777f9f051000 r--p 00000000 00:21 48158204                   /usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        777f9f051000-777f9f07a000 r-xp 00001000 00:21 48158204                   /usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        777f9f07a000-777f9f085000 r--p 0002a000 00:21 48158204                   /usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        777f9f085000-777f9f087000 r--p 00034000 00:21 48158204                   /usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        777f9f087000-777f9f088000 rw-p 00036000 00:21 48158204                   /usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        777f9f088000-777f9f089000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
        7ffc7bfa7000-7ffc7bfc8000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [stack]
        ffffffffff600000-ffffffffff601000 --xp 00000000 00:00 0                  [vsyscall]

The anonymous memory areas are now labelled so that we can see which
ones have been allocated by the Go runtime versus which ones have been
allocated by the glibc.

Fixes #71546

Change-Id: I304e8b4dd7f2477a6da794fd44e9a7a5354e4bf4
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/646095
Auto-Submit: Alan Donovan <adonovan@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Alan Donovan <adonovan@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Felix Geisendörfer <felix.geisendoerfer@datadoghq.com>
LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com>