runtime: support control flow guard on windows/amd64

runtime: support control flow guard on windows/amd64

The stack pointer must lie within system stack limits
when Control Flow Guard (CFG) is enabled on Windows.

This CL updates runtime.sigtramp to honor this restriction by
porting some code from the windows/arm64 version, which
already supports CFG.

Fixes #53560

Change-Id: I7f88f9ae788b2bac38aac898b2567f1bea62f8f3
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/437559
Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>