[dev.link] cmd/link: record go.itablink symbols during object file read

[dev.link] cmd/link: record go.itablink symbols during object file read

Change the new loader to keep a note of the set of "go.itablink.*"
symbols (using a small map), and add a method that clients can use to
query whether a given global index corresponds to a "go.itablink.*"
sym. This eliminates one instance of raw symbol name reading/matching
during new deadcode, which should produce a minor speedup.

Change-Id: I5915773a3f33c16099ccd68592dbba783d909bc9
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/201400
Run-TryBot: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>