[dev.garbage] runtime: Add gc mark verification pass.

[dev.garbage] runtime: Add gc mark verification pass.
This adds an independent mark phase to the GC that can be used to
verify the the default concurrent mark phase has found all reachable
objects. It uses the upper 2 bits of the boundary nibble to encode
the mark leaving the lower bits to encode the boundary and the
normal mark bit.

LGTM=rsc
R=rsc
CC=golang-codereviews
https://golang.org/cl/167130043