cmd/go: support -modcacherw in 'go mod' subcommands

cmd/go: support -modcacherw in 'go mod' subcommands

The -modcacherw flag is now registered in work.AddModCommonFlags,
which is called from work.AddBuildFlags, where it was registered
before. 'go mod' subcommands register the flag by calling
work.AddModCommonFlags directly.

Also, build commands now exit with an error if -modcacherw is set
explicitly (not in GOFLAGS) in GOPATH mode.

Updates #31481

Change-Id: I461e59a51ed31b006fff4d5c57c2a866be0bbf38
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/202563
Run-TryBot: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>