cmd/compile: teach prove about relations between constants
Currently, we never add a relation between two constants to prove's
fact table because these are eliminated before prove runs, so it
currently doesn't handle facts like this very well even though they're
easy to prove.
We're about to start asserting some conditions that don't appear in
the SSA, but are constructed from existing SSA values that may both be
constants.
Hence, improve the fact table to understand relations between
constants by initializing the constant bounds of constant values to
the value itself, rather than noLimit.