cmd/link: generate DWARF info using symbols

cmd/link: generate DWARF info using symbols

This updates dwarf.go to generate debug information as symbols
instead of directly writing to the output file. This should make
it easier to move generation of some of the debug info into the compiler.

Change-Id: Id2358988bfb689865ab4d68f82716f0676336df4
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/20679
Reviewed-by: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>