cmd/compile: clean up SSA test API

cmd/compile: clean up SSA test API

I noted in CL 38327 that the SSA test API felt a bit
clunky after the ssa.Func/ssa.Cache/ssa.Config refactoring,
and promised to clean it up once the dust settled.
The dust has settled.

Along the way, this CL fixes a potential latent bug,
in which the amd64 test context was used for all dummy Syslook calls.
The lone SSA test using the s390x context did not depend on the
Syslook context being correct, so the bug did not arise in practice.

Change-Id: If964251d1807976073ad7f47da0b1f1f77c58413
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/38346
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>