cmd/link: directly exec archive command if external tmpdir

cmd/link: directly exec archive command if external tmpdir

When linking a Go archive, if the archiver invocation is the very last
thing that needs to happen in the link (no "atexit" cleanups required
remove the locally created tmpdir) then call syscall.Exec to invoke
the archiver command instead of the usual exec.Command. This has the
effect of reducing peak memory use for the linker overall, since we
don't be holding onto all of the linker's live memory while the
archiver is running.

Change-Id: Ibbe22d8d67a70cc2a4f91c68aab56d19fb77c393
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/203821
Run-TryBot: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>