net/url: reject colon in first segment of relative path in Parse

net/url: reject colon in first segment of relative path in Parse

RFC 3986 §3.3 disallows relative URL paths in which the first segment
contains a colon, presumably to avoid confusion with scheme:foo syntax,
which is exactly what happened in #16822.

Fixes #16822.

Change-Id: Ie4449e1dd21c5e56e3b126e086c3a0b05da7ff24
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/31582
Reviewed-by: Quentin Smith <quentin@golang.org>