database/sql: ensure a Stmt from a Conn executes on the same driver.Conn

database/sql: ensure a Stmt from a Conn executes on the same driver.Conn

Ensure a Stmt prepared on a Conn executes on the same driver.Conn.
This also removes another instance of duplicated prepare logic
as a side effect.

Fixes #20647

Change-Id: Ia00a19e4dd15e19e4d754105babdff5dc127728f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/45391
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>