cmd/link: allow symbols from .a files to override those from .so files

cmd/link: allow symbols from .a files to override those from .so files

https://golang.org/s/execmodes defines rules for how multiple codes of a go
package work when they end up in the address space of a single process, but
currently the linker blows up in this situation. Fix that by loading all .a
files before any .so files and ignoring duplicate symbols found when loading
shared libraries.

I know this is very very late for 1.6 but at least it should clearly not have
any effect when shared libraries are not in use.

Change-Id: I512ac912937e7502ff58eb5628b658ecce3c38e5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/18714
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>