cmd/compile: fix incorrect rewriting to if condition

cmd/compile: fix incorrect rewriting to if condition

Some ARM64 rewriting rules convert 'comparing to zero' conditions of if
statements to a simplified version utilizing CMN and CMP instructions to
branch over condition flags, in order to save one Add or Sub caculation.

Such optimizations lead to wrong branching in case an overflow/underflow
occurs when executing CMN or CMP.

Fix the issue by introducing new block opcodes that don't honor the
overflow/underflow flag, in the following categories:

  Block-Op        Meaning                   ARM condition codes
  1. LTnoov        less than                 MI
  2. GEnoov        greater than or equal     PL
  3. LEnoov        less than or equal        MI || EQ
  4. GTnoov        greater than              NEQ & PL

The backend generates two consecutive branch instructions for 'LEnoov'
and 'GTnoov' to model their expected behavior. A slight change to 'gc'
and amd64/386 backends is made to unify the code generation.

Add a test 'TestCondRewrite' as justification, it covers 32 incorrect rules
identified on arm64, more might be needed on other arches, like 32-bit arm.

Add two benchmarks profiling the aforementioned category 1&2 and category
3&4 separetely, we expect the first two categories will show performance
improvement and the second will not result in visible regression compared with
the non-optimized version.

This change also updates TestFormats to support using %#x.

Examples exhibiting where does the issue come from:
  1: 'if x + 3 < 0' might be converted to:
  before:
    CMN $3, R0
    BGE <else branch> // wrong branch is taken if 'x+3' overflows
  after:
    CMN $3, R0
    BPL <else branch>

  2: 'if y - 3 > 0' might be converted to:
  before:
    CMP $3, R0
    BLE <else branch> // wrong branch is taken if 'y-3' underflows
  after:
    CMP $3, R0
    BMI <else branch>
    BEQ <else branch>

Benchmark data from different kinds of arm64 servers, 'old' is the non-optimized
version (not the parent commit), generally the optimization version outperforms.

S1:
name                    old time/op  new time/op  delta
CondRewrite/SoloJump  13.6ns ± 0%  12.9ns ± 0%  -5.15%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CondRewrite/CombJump  13.8ns ± 1%  12.9ns ± 0%  -6.32%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

S2:
name                     old time/op  new time/op  delta
CondRewrite/SoloJump  11.6ns ± 0%  10.9ns ± 0%  -6.03%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CondRewrite/CombJump  11.4ns ± 0%  10.8ns ± 1%  -5.53%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

S3:
name                     old time/op  new time/op  delta
CondRewrite/SoloJump  7.36ns ± 0%  7.50ns ± 0%  +1.79%  (p=0.000 n=9+10)
CondRewrite/CombJump  7.35ns ± 0%  7.75ns ± 0%  +5.51%  (p=0.000 n=8+9)

S4:
name                      old time/op  new time/op  delta
CondRewrite/SoloJump-224  11.5ns ± 1%  10.9ns ± 0%  -4.97%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CondRewrite/CombJump-224  11.9ns ± 0%  11.5ns ± 0%  -2.95%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

S5:
name                     old time/op  new time/op  delta
CondRewrite/SoloJump  10.0ns ± 0%  10.0ns ± 0%  -0.45%  (p=0.000 n=9+10)
CondRewrite/CombJump  9.93ns ± 0%  9.77ns ± 0%  -1.53%  (p=0.000 n=10+9)

Go1 perf. data:

name                     old time/op    new time/op    delta
BinaryTree17              6.29s ± 1%     6.30s ± 1%    ~     (p=1.000 n=5+5)
Fannkuch11                5.40s ± 0%     5.40s ± 0%    ~     (p=0.841 n=5+5)
FmtFprintfEmpty          97.9ns ± 0%    98.9ns ± 3%    ~     (p=0.937 n=4+5)
FmtFprintfString          171ns ± 3%     171ns ± 2%    ~     (p=0.754 n=5+5)
FmtFprintfInt             212ns ± 0%     217ns ± 6%  +2.55%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
FmtFprintfIntInt          296ns ± 1%     297ns ± 2%    ~     (p=0.516 n=5+5)
FmtFprintfPrefixedInt     371ns ± 2%     374ns ± 7%    ~     (p=1.000 n=5+5)
FmtFprintfFloat           435ns ± 1%     439ns ± 2%    ~     (p=0.056 n=5+5)
FmtManyArgs              1.37µs ± 1%    1.36µs ± 1%    ~     (p=0.730 n=5+5)
GobDecode                14.6ms ± 4%    14.4ms ± 4%    ~     (p=0.690 n=5+5)
GobEncode                11.8ms ±20%    11.6ms ±15%    ~     (p=1.000 n=5+5)
Gzip                      507ms ± 0%     491ms ± 0%  -3.22%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
Gunzip                   73.8ms ± 0%    73.9ms ± 0%    ~     (p=0.690 n=5+5)
HTTPClientServer          116µs ± 0%     116µs ± 0%    ~     (p=0.686 n=4+4)
JSONEncode               21.8ms ± 1%    21.6ms ± 2%    ~     (p=0.151 n=5+5)
JSONDecode                104ms ± 1%     103ms ± 1%  -1.08%  (p=0.016 n=5+5)
Mandelbrot200            9.53ms ± 0%    9.53ms ± 0%    ~     (p=0.421 n=5+5)
GoParse                  7.55ms ± 1%    7.51ms ± 1%    ~     (p=0.151 n=5+5)
RegexpMatchEasy0_32       158ns ± 0%     158ns ± 0%    ~     (all equal)
RegexpMatchEasy0_1K       606ns ± 1%     608ns ± 3%    ~     (p=0.937 n=5+5)
RegexpMatchEasy1_32       143ns ± 0%     144ns ± 1%    ~     (p=0.095 n=5+4)
RegexpMatchEasy1_1K       927ns ± 2%     944ns ± 2%    ~     (p=0.056 n=5+5)
RegexpMatchMedium_32     16.0ns ± 0%    16.0ns ± 0%    ~     (all equal)
RegexpMatchMedium_1K     69.3µs ± 2%    69.7µs ± 0%    ~     (p=0.690 n=5+5)
RegexpMatchHard_32       3.73µs ± 0%    3.73µs ± 1%    ~     (p=0.984 n=5+5)
RegexpMatchHard_1K        111µs ± 1%     110µs ± 0%    ~     (p=0.151 n=5+5)
Revcomp                   1.91s ±47%     1.77s ±68%    ~     (p=1.000 n=5+5)
Template                  138ms ± 1%     138ms ± 1%    ~     (p=1.000 n=5+5)
TimeParse                 787ns ± 2%     785ns ± 1%    ~     (p=0.540 n=5+5)
TimeFormat                729ns ± 1%     726ns ± 1%    ~     (p=0.151 n=5+5)

Updates #38740
Change-Id: I06c604874acdc1e63e66452dadee5df053045222
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/233097
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>