cmd/go: test more commands in mod_build_info_error
For #26909
For #41688
Change-Id: I22f28d426ce499fce6f0f1295dbde425998042aa
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/258219
Trust: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>
Trust: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Matloob <matloob@golang.org>