runtime: for c-archive/c-shared, don't install unnecessary signal handlers

runtime: for c-archive/c-shared, don't install unnecessary signal handlers

Only install signal handlers for synchronous signals that become
run-time panics.  Set the SA_ONSTACK flag for other signal handlers as
needed.

Fixes #13028.
Update #12465.
Update #13034.
Update #13042.

Change-Id: I28375e70641f60630e10f3c86e24b6e4f8a35cc9
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/17903
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>