cmd/compile: optimize multi-register shifts on amd64

cmd/compile: optimize multi-register shifts on amd64

amd64 can shift in bits from another register instead of filling with 0/1.
This pattern is helpful when implementing 128 bit shifts or arbitrary length shifts.
In the standard library, it shows up in pure Go math/big.

Benchmarks results on amd64 with -tags=math_big_pure_go.

name                          old time/op  new time/op  delta
NonZeroShifts/1/shrVU-8       4.45ns ± 3%  4.39ns ± 1%   -1.28%  (p=0.000 n=30+27)
NonZeroShifts/1/shlVU-8       4.13ns ± 4%  4.10ns ± 2%     ~     (p=0.254 n=29+28)
NonZeroShifts/2/shrVU-8       5.55ns ± 1%  5.63ns ± 2%   +1.42%  (p=0.000 n=28+29)
NonZeroShifts/2/shlVU-8       5.70ns ± 2%  5.14ns ± 1%   -9.82%  (p=0.000 n=29+28)
NonZeroShifts/3/shrVU-8       6.79ns ± 2%  6.35ns ± 2%   -6.46%  (p=0.000 n=28+29)
NonZeroShifts/3/shlVU-8       6.69ns ± 1%  6.25ns ± 1%   -6.60%  (p=0.000 n=28+27)
NonZeroShifts/4/shrVU-8       7.79ns ± 2%  7.06ns ± 2%   -9.48%  (p=0.000 n=30+30)
NonZeroShifts/4/shlVU-8       7.82ns ± 1%  7.24ns ± 1%   -7.37%  (p=0.000 n=28+29)
NonZeroShifts/5/shrVU-8       8.90ns ± 3%  7.93ns ± 1%  -10.84%  (p=0.000 n=29+26)
NonZeroShifts/5/shlVU-8       8.68ns ± 1%  7.92ns ± 1%   -8.76%  (p=0.000 n=29+29)
NonZeroShifts/10/shrVU-8      14.4ns ± 1%  12.3ns ± 2%  -14.79%  (p=0.000 n=28+29)
NonZeroShifts/10/shlVU-8      14.1ns ± 1%  11.9ns ± 2%  -15.55%  (p=0.000 n=28+27)
NonZeroShifts/100/shrVU-8      118ns ± 1%    96ns ± 3%  -18.82%  (p=0.000 n=30+29)
NonZeroShifts/100/shlVU-8      120ns ± 2%    98ns ± 2%  -18.46%  (p=0.000 n=29+28)
NonZeroShifts/1000/shrVU-8    1.10µs ± 1%  0.88µs ± 2%  -19.63%  (p=0.000 n=29+30)
NonZeroShifts/1000/shlVU-8    1.10µs ± 2%  0.88µs ± 2%  -20.28%  (p=0.000 n=29+28)
NonZeroShifts/10000/shrVU-8   10.9µs ± 1%   8.7µs ± 1%  -19.78%  (p=0.000 n=28+27)
NonZeroShifts/10000/shlVU-8   10.9µs ± 2%   8.7µs ± 1%  -19.64%  (p=0.000 n=29+27)
NonZeroShifts/100000/shrVU-8   111µs ± 2%    90µs ± 2%  -19.39%  (p=0.000 n=28+29)
NonZeroShifts/100000/shlVU-8   113µs ± 2%    90µs ± 2%  -20.43%  (p=0.000 n=30+27)

The assembly version is still faster, unfortunately, but the gap is narrowing.
Speedup from pure Go to assembly:

name                          old time/op  new time/op  delta
NonZeroShifts/1/shrVU-8       4.39ns ± 1%  3.45ns ± 2%  -21.36%  (p=0.000 n=27+29)
NonZeroShifts/1/shlVU-8       4.10ns ± 2%  3.47ns ± 3%  -15.42%  (p=0.000 n=28+30)
NonZeroShifts/2/shrVU-8       5.63ns ± 2%  3.97ns ± 0%  -29.40%  (p=0.000 n=29+25)
NonZeroShifts/2/shlVU-8       5.14ns ± 1%  3.77ns ± 2%  -26.65%  (p=0.000 n=28+26)
NonZeroShifts/3/shrVU-8       6.35ns ± 2%  4.79ns ± 2%  -24.52%  (p=0.000 n=29+29)
NonZeroShifts/3/shlVU-8       6.25ns ± 1%  4.42ns ± 1%  -29.29%  (p=0.000 n=27+26)
NonZeroShifts/4/shrVU-8       7.06ns ± 2%  5.64ns ± 1%  -20.05%  (p=0.000 n=30+29)
NonZeroShifts/4/shlVU-8       7.24ns ± 1%  5.34ns ± 2%  -26.23%  (p=0.000 n=29+29)
NonZeroShifts/5/shrVU-8       7.93ns ± 1%  6.56ns ± 2%  -17.26%  (p=0.000 n=26+30)
NonZeroShifts/5/shlVU-8       7.92ns ± 1%  6.27ns ± 1%  -20.79%  (p=0.000 n=29+25)
NonZeroShifts/10/shrVU-8      12.3ns ± 2%  10.2ns ± 2%  -17.21%  (p=0.000 n=29+29)
NonZeroShifts/10/shlVU-8      11.9ns ± 2%  10.5ns ± 2%  -12.45%  (p=0.000 n=27+29)
NonZeroShifts/100/shrVU-8     95.9ns ± 3%  77.7ns ± 1%  -19.00%  (p=0.000 n=29+30)
NonZeroShifts/100/shlVU-8     97.5ns ± 2%  66.8ns ± 2%  -31.47%  (p=0.000 n=28+30)
NonZeroShifts/1000/shrVU-8     884ns ± 2%   705ns ± 1%  -20.17%  (p=0.000 n=30+28)
NonZeroShifts/1000/shlVU-8     880ns ± 2%   590ns ± 1%  -32.96%  (p=0.000 n=28+25)
NonZeroShifts/10000/shrVU-8   8.74µs ± 1%  7.34µs ± 3%  -15.94%  (p=0.000 n=27+30)
NonZeroShifts/10000/shlVU-8   8.73µs ± 1%  6.00µs ± 1%  -31.25%  (p=0.000 n=27+28)
NonZeroShifts/100000/shrVU-8  89.6µs ± 2%  75.5µs ± 2%  -15.80%  (p=0.000 n=29+29)
NonZeroShifts/100000/shlVU-8  89.6µs ± 2%  68.0µs ± 3%  -24.09%  (p=0.000 n=27+30)

Change-Id: I18f58d8f5513d737d9cdf09b8f9d14011ffe3958
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/297050
Trust: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>