cmd/internal/gc, runtime: use 1-bit bitmap for stack frames, data, bss

cmd/internal/gc, runtime: use 1-bit bitmap for stack frames, data, bss

The bitmaps were 2 bits per pointer because we needed to distinguish
scalar, pointer, multiword, and we used the leftover value to distinguish
uninitialized from scalar, even though the garbage collector (GC) didn't care.

Now that there are no multiword structures from the GC's point of view,
cut the bitmaps down to 1 bit per pointer, recording just live pointer vs not.

The GC assumes the same layout for stack frames and for the maps
describing the global data and bss sections, so change them all in one CL.

The code still refers to 4-bit heap bitmaps and 2-bit "type bitmaps", since
the 2-bit representation lives (at least for now) in some of the reflect data.

Because these stack frame bitmaps are stored directly in the rodata in
the binary, this CL reduces the size of the 6g binary by about 1.1%.

Performance change is basically a wash, but using less memory,
and smaller binaries, and enables other bitmap reductions.

name                                      old mean                new mean        delta
BenchmarkBinaryTree17                13.2s × (0.97,1.03)     13.0s × (0.99,1.01)  -0.93% (p=0.005)
BenchmarkBinaryTree17-2              9.69s × (0.96,1.05)     9.51s × (0.96,1.03)  -1.86% (p=0.001)
BenchmarkBinaryTree17-4              10.1s × (0.97,1.05)     10.0s × (0.96,1.05)  ~ (p=0.141)
BenchmarkFannkuch11                  4.35s × (0.99,1.01)     4.43s × (0.98,1.04)  +1.75% (p=0.001)
BenchmarkFannkuch11-2                4.31s × (0.99,1.03)     4.32s × (1.00,1.00)  ~ (p=0.095)
BenchmarkFannkuch11-4                4.32s × (0.99,1.02)     4.38s × (0.98,1.04)  +1.38% (p=0.008)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfEmpty            83.5ns × (0.97,1.10)    87.3ns × (0.92,1.11)  +4.55% (p=0.014)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfEmpty-2          81.8ns × (0.98,1.04)    82.5ns × (0.97,1.08)  ~ (p=0.364)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfEmpty-4          80.9ns × (0.99,1.01)    82.6ns × (0.97,1.08)  +2.12% (p=0.010)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfString            320ns × (0.95,1.04)     322ns × (0.97,1.05)  ~ (p=0.368)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfString-2          303ns × (0.97,1.04)     304ns × (0.97,1.04)  ~ (p=0.484)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfString-4          305ns × (0.97,1.05)     306ns × (0.98,1.05)  ~ (p=0.543)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfInt               311ns × (0.98,1.03)     319ns × (0.97,1.03)  +2.63% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfInt-2             297ns × (0.98,1.04)     301ns × (0.97,1.04)  +1.19% (p=0.023)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfInt-4             302ns × (0.98,1.02)     304ns × (0.97,1.03)  ~ (p=0.126)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfIntInt            554ns × (0.96,1.05)     554ns × (0.97,1.03)  ~ (p=0.975)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfIntInt-2          520ns × (0.98,1.03)     517ns × (0.98,1.02)  ~ (p=0.153)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfIntInt-4          524ns × (0.98,1.02)     525ns × (0.98,1.03)  ~ (p=0.597)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfPrefixedInt       433ns × (0.97,1.06)     434ns × (0.97,1.06)  ~ (p=0.804)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfPrefixedInt-2     413ns × (0.98,1.04)     413ns × (0.98,1.03)  ~ (p=0.881)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfPrefixedInt-4     420ns × (0.97,1.03)     421ns × (0.97,1.03)  ~ (p=0.561)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfFloat             620ns × (0.99,1.03)     636ns × (0.97,1.03)  +2.57% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfFloat-2           601ns × (0.98,1.02)     617ns × (0.98,1.03)  +2.58% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkFmtFprintfFloat-4           613ns × (0.98,1.03)     626ns × (0.98,1.02)  +2.15% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkFmtManyArgs                2.19µs × (0.96,1.04)    2.23µs × (0.97,1.02)  +1.65% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkFmtManyArgs-2              2.08µs × (0.98,1.03)    2.10µs × (0.99,1.02)  +0.79% (p=0.019)
BenchmarkFmtManyArgs-4              2.10µs × (0.98,1.02)    2.13µs × (0.98,1.02)  +1.72% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkGobDecode                  21.3ms × (0.97,1.05)    21.1ms × (0.97,1.04)  -1.36% (p=0.025)
BenchmarkGobDecode-2                20.0ms × (0.97,1.03)    19.2ms × (0.97,1.03)  -4.00% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkGobDecode-4                19.5ms × (0.99,1.02)    19.0ms × (0.99,1.01)  -2.39% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkGobEncode                  18.3ms × (0.95,1.07)    18.1ms × (0.96,1.08)  ~ (p=0.305)
BenchmarkGobEncode-2                16.8ms × (0.97,1.02)    16.4ms × (0.98,1.02)  -2.79% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkGobEncode-4                15.4ms × (0.98,1.02)    15.4ms × (0.98,1.02)  ~ (p=0.465)
BenchmarkGzip                        650ms × (0.98,1.03)     655ms × (0.97,1.04)  ~ (p=0.075)
BenchmarkGzip-2                      652ms × (0.98,1.03)     655ms × (0.98,1.02)  ~ (p=0.337)
BenchmarkGzip-4                      656ms × (0.98,1.04)     653ms × (0.98,1.03)  ~ (p=0.291)
BenchmarkGunzip                      143ms × (1.00,1.01)     143ms × (1.00,1.01)  ~ (p=0.507)
BenchmarkGunzip-2                    143ms × (1.00,1.01)     143ms × (1.00,1.01)  ~ (p=0.313)
BenchmarkGunzip-4                    143ms × (1.00,1.01)     143ms × (1.00,1.01)  ~ (p=0.312)
BenchmarkHTTPClientServer            110µs × (0.98,1.03)     109µs × (0.99,1.02)  -1.40% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkHTTPClientServer-2          154µs × (0.90,1.08)     149µs × (0.90,1.08)  -3.43% (p=0.007)
BenchmarkHTTPClientServer-4          138µs × (0.97,1.04)     138µs × (0.96,1.04)  ~ (p=0.670)
BenchmarkJSONEncode                 40.2ms × (0.98,1.02)    40.2ms × (0.98,1.05)  ~ (p=0.828)
BenchmarkJSONEncode-2               35.1ms × (0.99,1.02)    35.2ms × (0.98,1.03)  ~ (p=0.392)
BenchmarkJSONEncode-4               35.3ms × (0.98,1.03)    35.3ms × (0.98,1.02)  ~ (p=0.813)
BenchmarkJSONDecode                  119ms × (0.97,1.02)     117ms × (0.98,1.02)  -1.80% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkJSONDecode-2                115ms × (0.99,1.02)     114ms × (0.98,1.02)  -1.18% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkJSONDecode-4                116ms × (0.98,1.02)     114ms × (0.98,1.02)  -1.43% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkMandelbrot200              6.03ms × (1.00,1.01)    6.03ms × (1.00,1.01)  ~ (p=0.985)
BenchmarkMandelbrot200-2            6.03ms × (1.00,1.01)    6.02ms × (1.00,1.01)  ~ (p=0.320)
BenchmarkMandelbrot200-4            6.03ms × (1.00,1.01)    6.03ms × (1.00,1.01)  ~ (p=0.799)
BenchmarkGoParse                    8.63ms × (0.89,1.10)    8.58ms × (0.93,1.09)  ~ (p=0.667)
BenchmarkGoParse-2                  8.20ms × (0.97,1.04)    8.37ms × (0.97,1.04)  +1.96% (p=0.001)
BenchmarkGoParse-4                  8.00ms × (0.98,1.02)    8.14ms × (0.99,1.02)  +1.75% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy0_32         162ns × (1.00,1.01)     164ns × (0.98,1.04)  +1.35% (p=0.011)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy0_32-2       161ns × (1.00,1.01)     161ns × (1.00,1.00)  ~ (p=0.185)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy0_32-4       161ns × (1.00,1.00)     161ns × (1.00,1.00)  -0.19% (p=0.001)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy0_1K         540ns × (0.99,1.02)     566ns × (0.98,1.04)  +4.98% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy0_1K-2       540ns × (0.99,1.01)     557ns × (0.99,1.01)  +3.21% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy0_1K-4       541ns × (0.99,1.01)     559ns × (0.99,1.01)  +3.26% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy1_32         139ns × (0.98,1.04)     139ns × (0.99,1.03)  ~ (p=0.979)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy1_32-2       139ns × (0.99,1.04)     139ns × (0.99,1.02)  ~ (p=0.777)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy1_32-4       139ns × (0.98,1.04)     139ns × (0.99,1.04)  ~ (p=0.771)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy1_1K         890ns × (0.99,1.03)     885ns × (1.00,1.01)  -0.50% (p=0.004)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy1_1K-2       888ns × (0.99,1.01)     885ns × (0.99,1.01)  -0.37% (p=0.004)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchEasy1_1K-4       890ns × (0.99,1.02)     884ns × (1.00,1.00)  -0.70% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchMedium_32        252ns × (0.99,1.01)     251ns × (0.99,1.01)  ~ (p=0.081)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchMedium_32-2      254ns × (0.99,1.04)     252ns × (0.99,1.01)  -0.78% (p=0.027)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchMedium_32-4      253ns × (0.99,1.04)     252ns × (0.99,1.01)  -0.70% (p=0.022)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchMedium_1K       72.9µs × (0.99,1.01)    72.7µs × (1.00,1.00)  ~ (p=0.064)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchMedium_1K-2     74.1µs × (0.98,1.05)    72.9µs × (1.00,1.01)  -1.61% (p=0.001)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchMedium_1K-4     73.6µs × (0.99,1.05)    72.8µs × (1.00,1.00)  -1.13% (p=0.007)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchHard_32         3.88µs × (0.99,1.03)    3.92µs × (0.98,1.05)  ~ (p=0.143)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchHard_32-2       3.89µs × (0.99,1.03)    3.93µs × (0.98,1.09)  ~ (p=0.278)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchHard_32-4       3.90µs × (0.99,1.05)    3.93µs × (0.98,1.05)  ~ (p=0.252)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchHard_1K          118µs × (0.99,1.01)     117µs × (0.99,1.02)  -0.54% (p=0.003)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchHard_1K-2        118µs × (0.99,1.01)     118µs × (0.99,1.03)  ~ (p=0.581)
BenchmarkRegexpMatchHard_1K-4        118µs × (0.99,1.02)     117µs × (0.99,1.01)  -0.54% (p=0.002)
BenchmarkRevcomp                     991ms × (0.95,1.10)     989ms × (0.94,1.08)  ~ (p=0.879)
BenchmarkRevcomp-2                   978ms × (0.95,1.11)     962ms × (0.96,1.08)  ~ (p=0.257)
BenchmarkRevcomp-4                   979ms × (0.96,1.07)     974ms × (0.96,1.11)  ~ (p=0.678)
BenchmarkTemplate                    141ms × (0.99,1.02)     145ms × (0.99,1.02)  +2.75% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkTemplate-2                  135ms × (0.98,1.02)     138ms × (0.99,1.02)  +2.34% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkTemplate-4                  136ms × (0.98,1.02)     140ms × (0.99,1.02)  +2.71% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkTimeParse                   640ns × (0.99,1.01)     622ns × (0.99,1.01)  -2.88% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkTimeParse-2                 640ns × (0.99,1.01)     622ns × (1.00,1.00)  -2.81% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkTimeParse-4                 640ns × (1.00,1.01)     622ns × (0.99,1.01)  -2.82% (p=0.000)
BenchmarkTimeFormat                  730ns × (0.98,1.02)     731ns × (0.98,1.03)  ~ (p=0.767)
BenchmarkTimeFormat-2                709ns × (0.99,1.02)     707ns × (0.99,1.02)  ~ (p=0.347)
BenchmarkTimeFormat-4                717ns × (0.98,1.01)     718ns × (0.98,1.02)  ~ (p=0.793)

Change-Id: Ie779c47e912bf80eb918bafa13638bd8dfd6c2d9
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/9406
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>