cmd/go: include C/C++/Fortran compiler version in build ID
This will force a rebuild if the C/C++/Fortran compiler changes.
No test because a real test requires installing two different compilers.
Fixes #40042
Change-Id: I83cc88ade90d665a6fce06435068f39c811e43af
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/314276
Trust: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>